Answers / IRS notices
IRS NOTICES

What is an IRS Notice of Deficiency (90-day letter)?

SHORT ANSWER

It’s a formal notice that the IRS believes you owe more tax, and it gives you 90 days to petition Tax Court before the tax is assessed. This is a critical deadline — don’t miss it.

A Notice of Deficiency, or "90-day letter," is a serious IRS notice stating they’ve determined you owe additional tax. It’s significant because it’s your ticket to Tax Court: you have 90 days (150 if you’re outside the US) to file a petition disputing the amount before the IRS can assess and collect it. If you miss the deadline, you generally lose the right to challenge it in Tax Court without first paying. If you disagree, this is the moment to act — the deadline is strict and rarely extended.

What to do, in order

  1. Note the exact 90-day deadline on the notice.
  2. Review why the IRS says you owe more.
  3. Decide whether to agree, or petition Tax Court to dispute.
  4. If disputing, file the Tax Court petition before day 90.
  5. Consider professional help — the deadline is unforgiving.

Common questions

What happens if I ignore a Notice of Deficiency?

After 90 days, the IRS can assess the tax and begin collection, and you generally lose the chance to dispute it in Tax Court without paying first.

Can the 90-day deadline be extended?

It’s very rarely extended — treat it as a hard deadline. The 90 days (150 if abroad) runs from the date on the notice.

Stop guessing what your document says.

Upload the actual document and Main AI reads every clause, flags the risks, extracts the deadlines, and cites the law — free to start, no signup to see your first analysis.

Run the IRS Notice Analyzer — free →
Main AI explains documents and general legal rights in clear terms. It is not a law firm and does not provide legal advice. Laws vary by state and change over time — verify specifics for your jurisdiction, and consult a licensed professional for advice on your situation.